<p>Koenig Building was a historic building located in downtown Davenport, Iowa, United States. The Italianate style commercial building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. In later years the commercial space housed a tavern. The structure has subsequently been torn down and the property is now a surface parking lot.</p><br>
<p>The Koenig Building was a three-story brick structure. It featured a bracketed cornice with a curved pediment. The round-arch widows on the second and third floors had metal hoods with keystones. The building was typical of the city&#39;s Victorian commercial buildings.</p><br>
<p>The Miller Building was a historic building located in the central part of Davenport, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Dr. William Miller built this structure around 1885. He used the first floor for his medical practice and lived in the residential space on the second floor. Other commercial interests also occupied the building over the years. The building was a part of a larger commercial strip on Harrison Street that was torn down in 1985 and subsequently replaced by a modern facility housing a daycare center.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Miller Building was a two-story brick building. The Late Victorian style structure exemplified the variety of brickwork that was found in Davenport&#39;s commercial architecture. It featured a three-bay façade, cast iron shop front, keystone depressed round-arch windows, and a corbelled cornice. An addition had been built onto the back.</p><br>
<p>Finley Guy Building is a historic building in central Davenport, Iowa, United States. The Spanish Colonial Revival structure was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Finley Guy had this building constructed in 1928 to house his drug store. Lorenzen Grocery and Meat Market occupied the second commercial space. The building has housed a rental shop for many years. Guy himself made his home in the second-floor residential space.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Finley Guy Building is noteworthy for its use of Spanish Colonial Revival architecture. The style was rarely employed in Davenport and when it was used it is found in residential architecture. The building features heavily textured polychrome face brick and metal casement windows. Both decorative elements are typical of buildings constructed in Davenport in the late 1920s and in the 1930s, but they are generally found in Tudor Revival and Cotswold Cottage styles. The building is also noteworthy for its use of molded concrete decoration. Spiral colonnettes frame windows on the second floor, and tiles with a variety of patterns are found on the parapet level. The concrete window surrounds have a helical pattern. There is also a concrete plaque between the main floor shop windows with a caduceus, which refers to the building&#39;s original use as a drug store.</p><br>
<p>The Beam Farm Woodland Archaeological District is a group of archaeological sites in the southwestern part of the USA state of Ohio. Located at 3983 Stone Road near the village of Sabina in Clinton County,</p><br>
<p>Although small, the Beam Farm Mound is significant as a well-preserved relic of Native American prehistory. The Beam family, which owns the property on which the district is located, has never permitted any excavation of the mound; while this has prevented conclusive identification of its builders, they have ensured that the mound remains undisturbed and pristine in the fields above the Anderson Fork. The owners and the Ohio Historical Society cooperated to place a historical marker at the site in 2001. Because of the archaeological value of the mound and the other sites, they were declared a historic district and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006. It joined four other Clinton County sites that were already on the Register: the Cowan Creek Circular Enclosure and the Keiter, Hurley, and Hillside Haven Mounds.</p><br>
<p>The Rudolph H. Sitz Building is a historic building located in the West End of Davenport, Iowa, United States. Rudolph Sitz has this building built in 1913 to house his grocery store, which had been previously located at 2747 West Third Street. The building has subsequently been turned into a tavern. The two-story Mission Revival style structure features a curved, broken pediment, bracketed eaves on projecting eave sections, and an arch over the storefront. It is one of the few buildings in Davenport built in this style. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<p>Werthman Grocery is located at a commercial intersection in a residential neighborhood in the West End of Davenport, Iowa, United States. While it initially housed a grocery store, the building has been a long time neighborhood tavern. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Henry Werthman opened a grocery store in this building in 1900. Several other members of the Werthman family lived within the one-block area in the early 20th-century. A tavern opened in the building by 1910. It was operated by John J. Bryson who lived in the second-floor apartment. A tavern has been housed here since that time, even during the Prohibition era. In those years it was listed in city directories as selling only "soft drinks".</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The neighborhood tavern was and is a fixture in what was a predominantly working-class German neighborhood of Davenport. This two-story commercial building capitalizes on its corner location by way of the buildings main entrance that was placed in a chamfered corner. The oriel window on the east side indicates the location of the residential space above the tavern, which was a common feature in many of Davenports small commercial buildings from the 19th and early 20th century. The structure is composed of brick, built on a stone foundation. Its primary decorative feature is the metal cornice, with dentil molding, finials, and ornamental frieze.</p><br>
<p>Wolters Filling Station is a historic building located in the West End of Davenport, Iowa, United States. Alfred Wolters built this building to house his filling station in 1930. His son, Dick Wolters, took over the business and operated it as a Standard franchise. The gas pumps were eventually removed and it has been used for other commercial enterprises, including a hair salon.</p><br>
<p>The station was built in an English Cottage style. It features polychrome brick, metal casement windows, a stone-arched doorway, half-timbered gables, and rustic posts and bracings on the drive-thru. The domestic character of the building was typical for filling stations built in the same era. The filling station was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<p>Bettendorf–Washington School, also known as the Bettendorf Park Board Fine Arts Annex, was a historic building located in Bettendorf, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first school building in what is now Bettendorf was a stone building named the Gilbert School and was built in 1870. It was located near State Street at the foot of 21st Street. Its name derived from its location in the town of Gilbert, as Bettendorf was then known. The town experienced a period of burgeoning growth after its name change in 1903, and it necessitated a larger school building. The citizens of Bettendorf passed a bond referendum in 1908 to build a new school on 16th Street. The property was acquired in 1907 and Davenport architect Charles R. Spink was hired to design the building. It was built in 1909 for $8,500. The new building was called Bettendorf School, and housed pre-school through eighth grade. The old stone schoolhouse became a restaurant and bar and became a gathering place for the areas Armenian immigrants.</p><br>
<p>Three years after the school was built, land was purchased to expand it. Lincoln School was built in Bettendorf in 1917 and this building&#39;s name was changed to Washington School. Davenport architect Arthur Ebeling was hired to design an addition to the building and it was built by Ownes and Bevins. The expansion included four classrooms, an office area, as well as electricity and bathrooms, which were not a part of the original building. The seventh and eighth-grade classes were moved to the new Bettendorf Junior High School in 1951, and sixth grade was moved there in 1963. Moline, Illinois architect William F. Bernbrock designed a 1957 remodeling project that included enclosing the stairways, adding dropped acoustical ceilings, and removal of the original slate roof and replacing it with asbestos. Enrollment at the school dropped to 200 students in 1965 and it was down to 120 students when it closed in 1973.</p><br>
<p>After the building was no longer used as a school it was acquired by the city and became known as the Bettendorf Fine Arts Park Board Annex. It was later renamed the Bettendorf Museum, It has since moved to a different location, and the former school building was torn down.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The original two-story structure followed a rectangular plan and had walls of tile and brick veneer. It also had a central pavilion that thrust forward from the north front. The entire building, including the pavilion, was capped with a hipped roof and bracketed eaves. The facade was symmetrical with triple window sets that flanked the pavilion on both floors. The main entry was a central double-door in the pavilion that was flanked with a rectangular transom and tall, thin, square cut rectangular side windows. The exterior was covered with two-color brickwork. The foundation was composed of rust-red colored bricks, and lighter brown bricks on the wall mass. The raised basement and its concrete water table was a darker brick color.</p><br>
<p>The 1923 addition reflected changing school design from that era, while it attempted to match the lines and design of the original building. It was slightly shorter and had an identical elevation plan. Its main differences were the yellow brick that was used above the foundation level, and it had six-window bands that ran the length of each floor of the building. The rear wall of the addition replicated the rear wall of the original building with the exception of the entrance at ground level, both of the three window sets were vertically aligned, and corner pilasters were added. Rowlock courses and header courses were employed to outline the plain wall masses on either side of the shallow rear pavilion.</p><br>
<p>An inscription with the schools name, "Bettendorf School," was removed from below the second-floor line in 1917 when its name was changed. The inscription, "Washington School," was removed from the upper pavilion front around 1961. They were both filled in with brick of a different color from the rest of the surface. When the building was adapted for use as a museum it did not lose any more of the buildings fabric.</p><br>
<p>The Eldridge Turn-Halle, also known as Tomberg&#39;s Turner Hall, was a historic building located in Eldridge, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987. The building was destroyed in a fire in 2013 and it was delisted from the National Register in 2019.</p><br>
<h2>Turnvereins</h2><br>
<p>Friedrich Ludwig Jahn (1778–1852) was a teacher in Berlin who started outdoor physical education classes in 1811. His twin goals were to promote physical fitness and German nationalism. Over the next three decades gymnastic societies known as Turnvereins were begun in many German cities. Their members were known as “Turners”, the German word for gymnasts. The societies also served as gathering places for people who desired democratic reforms in the governments of the various German states. They supported the revolution that began in 1848 and when it failed they fled to the United States. Many Germans came to Scott County at that time and the county became the home to five Turnvereins, or Turner halls.</p><br>
<h2>Eldridge Turners</h2><br>
<p>Emigration from the German states of Schleswig and Holstein to Scott County began as early as 1836 and continued through the 1880s. It first peaked after the failure of First Schleswig War in the early 1850s to liberate these states from the domination of Denmark. The German free-thinkers who wanted to protect their civil rights, and later those motivated by economic factors, made up a quarter of the countys population by the 1880s. Sheridan Township was initially dominated by Scotch-Irish emigres, but by 1860s the Germans started to appear. Because of the high concentration of German immigrants in the county, many cultural organizations began to form, especially in Davenport. They also began to dominate in both business and politics. The first Turner Bund (Turnverein) in the county was established in Davenport by 1852.</p><br>
<p>Eldridge was platted in 1871 as a railroad town along the Davenport and St. Paul Railroad. Thirty percent of the households in town were German-born by 1880 and by 1900 they had risen to 49%. Another 25% had parents who had been born in Germany, which brought the total number of ethnic German&#39;s to 74%. The number of German business owners topped out at 83%.</p><br>
<p>This structure was built around 1885 and was used by the Eldridge Turnverein, which was established in 1893.</p><br>
<p>Cody Road Historic District is a nationally recognized historic district located in Le Claire, Iowa, United States. It includes 60 buildings along a nine-block stretch of USA Route 67, Cody Road, the primary street through the town. The district contains Le Claire&#39;s main commercial district on the south side of the district and residential area on the north. The district has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1979.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first settlers who came to the area that is now Le Claire arrived in the mid-1830s. Two towns were platted on the Mississippi River by the end of that decade, Parkhurst to the north and Le Claire to the south. The narrow strip of land between the two towns was called Middletown. Parkhurst and Middletown were incorporated into Le Claire in the 1850s. The economic life of the area was dependent on the Mississippi. Le Claire sits at the head of a 15 mi stretch of river down to Davenport that is strewn with rocks and was known as the Upper Rapids. Knowledgeable river pilots were required to guide steamboats through the rapids and many of them lived in Le Claire. The home of William Rambo (430 N. Cody Rd.), who was engaged in this endeavor, is located in the district. Other industries included stone quarries and brickyards that were able to utilize the areas wealth of limestone and clay. Grist and lumber mills were also an important element of the economy. The homes of John McCaffrey (208 N. Cody Rd.) and George Tromley Sr. (806 N. Cody Rd.), who made their living in the lumber industry, are located here. The Le Claire Marine Railway boatyards were established by Thomas Lancaster and Levi Chamberlin in the early 1850s. The boatyards and the accompanying Old Mill House (419 N. Cody Rd.) were bought by J.W. Van Sant in 1862. It grew to become the towns second largest employer after the river. J.W.s son Samuel made his living off the river at Le Claire before moving to Minnesota where he eventually became the states governor. Samuels house was located at 322 N. Cody Road.</p><br>
<p>The decades at the end of the 19th century saw a decline in Le Claire&#39;s economic fortunes. The mills closed and the railroads replaced the steamboat as the primary form of passenger and commercial transportation. The forests of northern Minnesota and Wisconsin became depleted so the lumber industry declined along the Mississippi. Small-scale commercial ventures continued in Le Claire and the brick commercial blocks along Cody Road were built. The town itself declined in population from 1,121 in 1875 to about 700 by 1910.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>None of the facilities that were associated with Le Claire&#39;s 19th century industries are extant. What remains are commercial and residential structures built between 1850 and 1900 and new construction. The commercial buildings from the 1850s and 1860s were built mostly of locally produced soft brick. The structures are narrow, two stories in height at street level, with either two or three bays on the main facade. They are capped by either broad, low-pitched gable or half-hip roof or a front-gable. For the most part, building foundations are from locally quarried limestone. The buildings on the east side of the street have exposed basements because the land drops steeply to the river at that point. The houses were built in either the Greek Revival style with symmetrical fronts and a gable roof, or in a vernacular form of the Italianate style with low hipped roofs and bracketed cornices. The houses were constructed mainly in wood or brick, and rarely in limestone.</p><br>
<p>Most of the commercial buildings from the later decades of the 19th century are brick Italianate structures that feature flat roofs and parapetted fronts. Some of them have metal cornices, which were popular in many Iowa commercial districts of that era. Houses from this period featured styles that were popular in the late Victorian era: Queen Anne, Eastiake, Shingle, as well as the Italianate. There are also a couple of small bungalows and plain, L-shaped front-gable houses. The tallest structure is the three-story Bard Hotel (207 N. Cody Road). The old Le Claire city hall at 201-203 N. Cody has a concave hipped roof, pedimented window hoods, and a decorative cornice. The former Presbyterian Church, located at 322 N. Cody Road, is the only historic church building in the district. It is a small frame structure that is four bays long with a central entrance tower on the front.</p><br>
<p>Hauschild&#39;s Hall is a historic building located in the West End of Davenport, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. The building was constructed in brick, but has subsequently been covered with siding. The cornice level of the building also features decorative brickwork that has also been covered.</p><br>
<p>The building served as the local headquarters of the German Knights of Labor. The local Chapter #2144 was organized in 1866 during a period of labor agitation and dissension within local labor groups.</p><br>
<p>The Oak Lane Historic District is located on the east side of Davenport, Iowa, United States. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1984. The historic district is a residential area that stretches along Oak Lane between High Street on the north and East Locust Street on the south. There are 27 houses that make up the district. Twenty-three houses are located on Oak Lane and four are on Locust Street; the three immediately to the west of Oak Lane and one immediately to the east.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Amos Cutter, a local real estate entrepreneur, developed the Oak Lane Addition from about 1900 to 1910. Previously the land had been used for agricultural purposes. Oak Lane reflected a prosperous, middle-class reputation. It also reflected the growing American identity of the citys population in the early 20th century instead of the old European ethnic divisions that marked the neighborhoods that were developed in the 19th century. It also marked the expansion of the city away from the Mississippi River. This was possible, in part, due to the expansion of the citys streetcar lines. Locust Street, on the south side of the neighborhood, was a major streetcar route in the city.</p><br>
<p>The houses closer to Locust Street are larger, more stylish, and were home to fairly well-to-do professionals. They included William Kellenberger, who was the manager of Tri-City Litho and Printing Co. Dr. William Alien, M.D. Horace Roberts, who was the treasurer and general manager of the Gordon-Van Tine Company; Moritz Landauer, of the Simon & Landauer clothing store; Martin L. Parker, who was secretary and treasurer for the M.L. Parker & Company department store; and Oscar C. Woods, who was the president of a wholesale fruit and produce business the Martin-Woods Company. At the other end of Oak Lane near High Street is the location of the more modest houses that were built on narrower lots. They housed families who were headed by salesmen, clerks, and blue-collar workers.</p><br>
<p>There are two known architect-designed houses in the district. Chicago architect William A. Otis designed a Georgian Revival house at 17 Oak Lane. Davenport architect Gustav Hanssen designed the Georgian Revival Oscar Woods House at 720 East Locust Street. He may have also designed the neighboring Julia Roberts House (726) and the George Johnson House (810) based on similarities of form and facade treatment, but that cannot be confirmed.</p><br>
<p>For his part, Cutter would go on to develop the McClellan Heights neighborhood beginning in 1906. Like Oak Lane, he would move into a house in the new development as he sold and developed the other lots.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The architecture of the Oak Lane neighborhood reflects the styles that were popular at the turn of the 20th century in Davenport. This was a period of transition from the Victorian styles, especially Queen Anne, to the Colonial Revival styles. The three prominent houses along East Locust are noteworthy examples of Davenports Georgian Revival/Federal style houses. The oldest house in the neighborhood is an Italianate house at 10 Oak Lane that was built about 1875 and came with the property. It became Cutters residence as the addition was being developed. The newest house in the neighborhood was built at 36 Oak Lane around 1922. It is one of the more modest houses on the north side of the development.</p><br>
<p>The Warner Apartment Building was a historic building located on the east side of Davenport, Iowa, United States. Dr. Fay L. Warner, a dentist, had the structure built in 1900 and lived here himself until 1908. A relative of his, Fred Warner, lived here in later years and managed the building. The three-story brick structure was one of the most distinguished apartment blocks in Davenport. The building featured a picturesque façade that was typical of Victorian era architecture. The round arch entrances were below ogee-arched moldings. At the top was a deep corbelled cornice frieze. The five sections of the main façade were articulated by full-height octagonal bays. The building was also banded by flat and projecting string courses. The structure was on a raised lot and had a low, stone retaining wall at the sidewalk. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983, and has subsequently been demolished.</p><br>
<p>The Schauder Hotel was a historic building located in downtown Davenport, Iowa, United States. It was built in the Italianate style facing the Mississippi River, and it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Louis Schauder built the hotel in 1876. At the time it was one of five hotels in a two-block section of West Front Street (now West River Drive). Schauder also operated the neighboring Perry Hotel. A saloon and music hall operated in the hotel by the 1880s. The hotel continued in operation until the turn of the 20th-century. Eventually the building was acquired by the Petersen, Harned, and Von Maur department store and used for storage. It, along with the neighboring Clifton-Metropolitan Hotel, the J.H.C. Petersens Sons Wholesale Building and the Schicks Express and Transfer Co., were torn down to make way for a public parking structure and the Davenport Skybridge. It was delisted from the National Register in 2014.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The three-story commercial building featured a four-bay facade above the ground floor. The tall, narrow windows with the decorative window hoods on the second and third floors expressed the Italianate style. The ground floor had been updated in later years and the original cornice was either partially removed or replaced.</p><br>
<p>The Osceola County Courthouse in Sibley, Iowa, United States, was built in 1902. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the second building the county has used for court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Sibley was chosen as the Osceola County county seat because it was the first town established in the county. All of the wagon trails in the county led there after the railroad was completed there in 1872. The first courthouse was a two-story frame building built the same year for $5,000. There were shutters on all of the windows. The present courthouse was designed by E.N. Kinney and built by C.E. Atkinson from 1902 to 1903. The building follows no definable architectural style. It featured a cupola with a clock and a statue of Justice on top. The building had major renovation projects in the 1920s and in 1961. The cupola, clock and statue were removed during the later renovation.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The courthouse is a two-story stone structure built on a raised basement and capped with a flat roof. The basement level of the building is coarse stone. The south elevation has a projecting pavilion with a single-story portico that features two columns and a recessed entrance. Three circular windows are located above the second story windows. Each of the corners of the building also project from the main building and have arched windows on the second story. The interior may be the more significant part of the building. The rotunda is separated from the hallways by column screens. The rotunda also features wide friezes with medallions, oval opening in the floor, wooden balusters, and brass railings. The first floor has tile floors. The significance of the courthouse is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of Sibley as the county seat.</p><br>
<p>The Fayette County Courthouse in West Union, Iowa, United States was built in 1923. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The current courthouse is the third facility to house court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>West Union was named the county seat of Fayette County when it was established, but opposition to its being the county seat prevented a courthouse from being constructed. The opposition came mainly from people in the south, while centrally located Fayette offered to build a courthouse for the county there. With that in mind, the citizens of West Union offered to contribute $3,000 toward the construction of a courthouse in their town. A two-story brick building measuring 40 x was built in West Union in 1857 for $8,000. County citizens refused to build a jail, however, and a section of the northwest corner of the courthouse was fashioned for that purpose. A prisoner in the jail facilities set fire to the structure as he escaped in 1872. While the building was destroyed, most of the records were saved.</p><br>
<p>As the county seat controversy rose again, businessmen from West Union offered to rebuild the courthouse contingent on the county appropriating $5,000 for the project and their ability to salvage whatever was useful from the destroyed courthouse. The second courthouse was completed in 1874 based on the businessmen&#39;s offer. However, the building was built too small, and growth in the county led to a succession of additions and improvements between 1894 and 1896. On February 5, 1922, this courthouse was also destroyed in a fire and work began quickly to replace it.</p><br>
<p>Waterloo, Iowa architect John G. Ralston was contracted to design the present courthouse. The cornerstone was laid June 21, 1923, and it was dedicated October 8, 1924. Its final construction costs amounted to $299,000. Its significance is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of West Union as the county seat.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The building was designed in a simplified Beaux-Arts style. It is three stories tall with an exterior that is faced with Bedford Stone. The base of the building is composed of granite. Large pilasters separate window bays on the second and third stories and the building is accessed through solid bronze doors. The interior features a domed skylight, extensive use of marble, plaster cornices, brass railings, and ceramic tile floors.</p><br>
<p>The Franklin County Courthouse in Hampton, Iowa, United States was built in 1891. It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the third facility to house court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Initially, Franklin County business was enacted in the home of Judge James B. Reeve. County commissioners selected a place called Jefferson as the county seat in deference to Judge Reeve who was from Jefferson, Ohio. However, a county commissioner opposed the proposal, and with the backing of county residents, Hampton was designated as the county seat. In 1857, commissioners built a single-story frame building to serve as the initial courthouse. Subsequently, they sold it to a church, which converted it into a residence. Eventually, it was repurposed as a stable. County records were kept at a school until a new courthouse built of stone was constructed in the middle of the square. It measured 48 x and cost $12,500. The present Romanesque Revival building, by Minneapolis architect T.D. Allen, was completed in 1891 at a cost of $60,000. The courthouse is a fine example of the Romanesque Revival style popular in the late 19th century. It was built during a transitional period of county government that saw movement from simple utilitarian structures to more elaborate structures that reflected the need for more space and bestowed a sense of dignity to its work.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The courthouse is a two-story brick structure built over a raised basement. It is roughly rectangular in shape, and measures 102 x. The high foundation of the building and surround of the large round-arch main entrance is composed of rusticated stone. All of the windows feature stone ornamentation with rusticated stone surrounds on the first-floor windows. The building also features a machicolated cornice and clusters of circular chimneys. It is capped with a hipped roof and a tall domed clock tower. The tower itself has a four-faced clock and a statue of a classical figure at each corner of the bell chamber. A statue of Lady Justice is on top of the dome.</p><br>
<p>The Howard County Courthouse in Cresco, Iowa, United States was built in 1880. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the third building the county has used for court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>When Howard County was organized in 1855 the county judge named Vernon Springs as the county seat. Later in the year he ordered that the court and all county records be moved to Howard Center. New Oregon wanted the county seat there, but Pikes Peak was chosen by a committee instead. A courthouse was built there in 1859. As the county grew a new courthouse was needed and Cresco made a bid to build it in their town. The county board of supervisors accepted the bid and a courthouse was built there in 1876. It was destroyed in a fire and the present courthouse was begun in 1879 and completed a year later.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Italianate structure was built of red and buff-colored bricks. Two additions were made to the building in 1964. Even though these additions mar it a bit, this is one of the last remaining courthouses in Iowa utilizing the Italianate style. The significance of the courthouse is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of Cresco as the county seat.</p><br>
<p>The 23rd Regiment Armory, also known as the Bedford Atlantic Armory, is a historic National Guard armory building located at 1322 Bedford Avenue between Atlantic Avenue and Pacific Street in the Crown Heights neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York City, United States. The building is a brick and stone castle-like structure designed to be reminiscent of medieval military structures in Europe. It was built in 1891–95 and was designed in the Romanesque Revival style by Fowler & Hough, local Brooklyn architects, and Isaac Perry, the New York state government&#39;s architect.</p><br>
<p>The structure was originally built for the 23rd Regiment of the New York State Militia. Since the 1980s, it has been in use as a men&#39;s homeless shelter, though in the 2010s, there were plans to redevelop the armory.</p><br>
<p>The building was designated a New York City landmark in 1977, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Planning</h3><br>
<p>The 23rd Regiment of the New York State Militia was organized in 1861 as a relief guard of the 13th Regiment. It was meant to take over the duties of the Brooklyn City Guard, which at the time was participating in the American Civil War. The Relief Guard, later known as the City Guard Reserve, was mustered-in as the 23rd Regiment in 1862, and participated in the Civil War for one month in 1863. Concerns about the readiness of volunteer militia led to the passage of an "Armory Law" in 1862, during the Civil War, which called for the construction of armories statewide. However, the effort stagnated after the end of the war. The 23rd Regiment then moved to an armory on 165–179 Clermont Avenue in Fort Greene, which was built in 1872–1873. The still-extant building, which now includes apartments, contained windows with pointed arches and a tall mansard roof.</p><br>
<p>The regiment soon outgrew the Clermont Avenue location, and started looking for a location to build a new armory. Another armory architect, John N. Partridge, was also part of the 23rd Regiment. In June 1889, Partridge requested a $350,000 appropriation from the New York State Commission for the construction of the new armory. That August, a site was selected at the southwest corner of Bedford Avenue and Atlantic Avenue. At the time, the land was occupied by the St. Bartholomew&#39;s School, as well as two farmhouses and a rowhouse. The rowhouse belonged to H.P. Fowler, a principal at Fowler & Hough.</p><br>
<h3>Construction and use as armory</h3><br>
<p>A budget appropriation of $300,000 was given for construction, The ceremonial cornerstone-laying event was held on November 14, 1891. Soon after, the costs of building the armory increased greatly, and by 1892 another $100,000 was being requested for the 23rd Regiment Armorys completion. Another $50,000 was requested in May 1893. The New York Times described the armory as one of three Brooklyn armories facing extreme cost overruns, the others being the 13th Regiment Armory in Bedford–Stuyvesant and the 14th Regiment Armory in Park Slope. In 1894, during construction, the buildings flagpole shattered in a lightning storm.</p><br>
<p>On November 4, 1894, the 23rd Regiment marched to its new armory to signify that it had taken possession of the building, and the Clermont armory was sold shortly thereafter. On November 15, the regiment started a two-week fundraiser to collect money for furnishings, and raised almost $70,000 for said purpose. The total cost of the armory was $550,000, almost twice the original budget, though this figure also included the funds spent on furnishings. A World War I memorial outside the armory was dedicated in 1922.</p><br>
<p>In 1923, the building was rented by William Randolph Hearst for use as studio space for his Cosmopolitan Productions after the company&#39;s own facilities were destroyed by a fire on February 19, 1923. The 23rd Regiment Armory also housed the 106th Infantry until the 1980s, when the New York National Guard vacated the premises. In addition to military use, the 23rd Regiment Armory was used by various exhibits, including home shows and car shows;See, for instance:</p><br>
<p>as well as various sporting events such as cyclingSee, for instance:</p><br>
<p>and school sports.</p><br>
<h3>Conversion into a homeless shelter</h3><br>
<p>The city converted the building into the Bedford-Atlantic Shelter, a 500-bed mens homeless shelter, in 1982. The shelter, operated by the New York City Department of Homeless Services (DHS), is nicknamed "Castle Grayskull" by the homeless and locals, in reference to the armorys castle-like appearance.</p><br>
<p>The Bedford-Atlantic Shelter was one of 19 shelters built around the city during the 1980s; by 1987, it had 532 beds accommodating 800 men. Following a 1992 lawsuit brought by community members seeking to close the 23rd Regiment and Fort Washington Armory shelters, the city agreed to decrease the Bedford-Atlantic Shelters capacity. By 2002, the shelter had been downsized to 350 beds. The shelter still contained 350 beds by 2017, making it the citys largest homeless shelter to house exclusively men.</p><br>
<p>In addition to housing homeless men, the shelter serves as a DHS intake center, performing evaluations for homeless people, who are then sent to other shelters or treatment programs. A New York City Police Department training facility is also located in the armory, and teaches new officers security procedures at New York City homeless shelters.</p><br>
<p>The Bedford-Atlantic Shelter is known as Brooklyn&#39;s most dangerous shelter and one of the most dangerous in the New York City shelter system. Since the 1980s, it had received a reputation for tolerating use of illegal drugs. A 2018 analysis found that in 2017, there had been 89 arrests at the shelter, and police had been called 865 times, or over twice a day. Many of these arrests were drug-related. Workers and residents also made allegations of a rat infestation at the shelter in 2018.</p><br>
<h3>Proposed redevelopment</h3><br>
<p>The 23rd Regiment Armory was proposed for redevelopment in 2012 at a cost of $14 million. Several developers submitted suggestions for alternate uses of the drill hall, including as a climbing facility, concert auditorium, or ice-skating rink. However, plans for the renovation of the 23rd Regiment Armory stalled in 2015. By 2017, there was still no progress on the armory&#39;s renovation.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The 23rd Regiment Armory consists of a three-story administration building, facing Bedford Avenue to the east, with an attached drill shed to the west. It features a series of circular corner towers, the tallest of which is 136 feet in height. Upon the 23rd, 13th and 14th Regiment Armories&#39; completions in the mid-1890s, the New-York Tribune stated that "these three armories are the product of a lavish expenditure... for the support and encouragement of the militia that has perhaps never been excelled."</p><br>
<p>The 23rd Regiment Armory is located on a trapezoidal lot. As a result, the northern facade on Atlantic Avenue measures 460 ft while the parallel southern facade on Pacific Street measures 500 ft. The armory takes up the entire 200 ft width of the block between Atlantic Avenue and Pacific Street, the length of the western facade. The eastern facade on Bedford Avenue measures 230 ft. The administration building takes up 200 ft on the eastern portion of the site, while the drill room occupies the 300 ft on the western part of the site.</p><br>
<h3>Exterior</h3><br>
<p>The facade features deep red pressed brick, brownish red Potsdam stone, and red terra cotta detail. On the first floor facade are courses of ashlar. The general design of the facade is meant to be imposing rather than inviting. Eight circular towers are located on the exterior, the tallest of which is 136 ft tall. Of these, there is one tower at each corner of the armory; one each along the Atlantic Avenue and Pacific Street facades, at the points separating the administration building and drill hall; and two flanking the main entrance on Bedford Avenue. The southeastern corner tower, at Bedford Avenue and Pacific Street, is accompanied by a smaller round tower. The Pacific Street side to the south is located on slightly higher ground than the Atlantic Avenue side to the north.</p><br>
<p>The administration building&#39;s Bedford Avenue facade consists of a central entrance bay with gables, and a two-story-tall round-arched sally port with a steel portcullis that drops from the top of the arch. There are friezes directly above the sally port, as well as three tall, narrow arched windows on the floor directly above the sally port. Flanking either side of the sally port are two 3-story-tall architectural bays, with two columns of windows in each bay. The first-floor windows contain round arches while the second-and-third floor windows are rectangular. There are also rectangular, quarter-size window openings from the basement. The wall on the right-hand (northern) side of the entrance includes a bronze plaque commemorating those who fought in World War I, which was dedicated in 1922.</p><br>
<p>The administration building&#39;s Pacific Street facade contains seven bays, with similar window design to the Bedford Avenue facade. Each bay contains two arched windows on the first floor, and two rectangular windows on the second and third floors. The center three bays are five stories tall, with a gabled roof on top, and include arched windows on the fourth and fifth floors. The other four bays are only three stories tall. The facade of the drill hall contains ten windowless bays, separated by protruding brick pilasters.</p><br>
<p>The Atlantic Avenue facade of the administration building is simpler in design. It contains ten columns of windows, with arched first-floor windows and rectangular second- and third-floor windows. There are also square, half-size window openings from the basement. The drill hall facade along Atlantic Avenue is similar to that on the Pacific Street side, but contains enclosed emergency stairs.</p><br>
<h3>Interior</h3><br>
<p>The basement was described as being similar to that of the 13th Regiment Armory, with rifle galleries, firing rooms, squad drill rooms, large lavatories, and a bowling alley. One of the largest interior features in the administration building is the Council Room, which contains a fireplace with a mantel that are both 24 ft high. The July 18, 1897, edition of the Tribune described the room: "Certainly nothing in any other American armory compares and visitors from abroad say they have never seen anything like it." Another article in 1898 stated that the "company rooms are the best in all the armories of the state".</p><br>
<p>The Des Moines City Hall is a government building in Des Moines, Iowa, built in 1909 and 1910. It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places on November 10, 1977 as the Municipal Building, and became a contributing property in the Civic Center Historic District in 1988. The building serves as the seat for the government of the city of Des Moines. Beginning April 7, 2016, City Hall offices were temporarily relocated while the building underwent renovation. The construction was necessary to install modern heating, cooling, and sprinkler systems while preserving the historic character of the building. The project was expected to take 18–24 months. During that time, City Hall was closed to the public, and City offices moved to other nearby locations. Between February 26, 2018 and April 9, 2018, city offices moved back to City Hall.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>From 1851 to 1870, the city council met in churches, schools, homes and stores. In that time period, the population of the city grew from 1,500 to more than 12,000. The city council approved the construction of a two-room log building in 1869 to serve the needs of the fire department and city business. It was built the following year at the corner of Second and Walnut Streets.</p><br>
<p>In ten years the city&#39;s population grew by another 10,000 people. In 1880, the city council decided to build a new city hall and a separate building for the police and fire departments next door. It was built in 1882 on the corner of Locust Street and Second Avenue. The city failed to maintain the building adequately, and it was too small to serve its needs, a new building was needed.</p><br>
<p>Des Moines had also grown in size. Its population was 86,000 in 1910 and it covered 65 square miles. In 1907, the city council decided to construct a new city hall. A location was chosen on the east side of the Des Moines River between Grand Avenue and Locust Street. A new bridge on Locust Street was planned to open in 1909. Streets in the area had also been raised 3–4 feet to lessen the impact of flooding.</p><br>
<p>The Des Moines architectural firm Proudfoot & Bird was hired to design the new structure. Because of recent corruption in city politics, they were tasked to design a building that would define an open and honest government. It was also to be large enough to house all city departments except the fire department. The building should also allow citizens to see and hear city business being transacted. To help create a new image, the building&#39;s name was to be called the Municipal Building rather than city hall.</p><br>
<p>Legal challenges to a bond referendum were made in 1907 and 1908. A referendum was passed by voters in April 1908. But because women were forbidden to vote Mary J. Coggeshall sued the city for the right of women to vote based on an 1894 state law that allowed women to vote on issues, but not candidates. Grace Ballentyne, the state&#39;s first female lawyer, argued the case before the Iowa Supreme Court. They won and a new referendum was held in November 1908, and it once again passed.</p><br>
<p>A division occurred in the city council when new members wanted a say as to who the architect would be. In July 1909 the mayor offered a compromise that allowed each member of the council to select an architectural firm to work on the project. The firms were known as the “Associated Architects,” and included: Liebbe, Nourse and Rasmussen, Hallett & Rawson, Wetherell & Gage, and Proudfoot & Bird.</p><br>
<p>The cornerstone for the new building was laid on June 14, 1910. Charles Weitz’ Sons Construction Company of Des Moines built the building. It was opened to the public on January 1, 1912. Over the years, only a few changes were made to the physical structure, which continues to serve the city government.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Des Moines City Hall is a three-story Beaux Arts style building. It is 77 feet wide by 231 feet long. Most of the plans that were drawn up by Proudfoot & Bird were used by the Associated Architects in the final plans. It is a brick structure built on a concrete foundation. The exterior is clad in Bedford stone, which was chosen to match the Old Downtown Des Moines Library and the post office on the west bank of the river. The floors in the vestibules, entrances, public halls and council chambers are covered in marble. Polished Tennessee marble was used for the wainscoting in the public halls, entrances and the Main Hall. Interior woodwork is composed of white oak.</p><br>
<p>The Old Downtown Des Moines Library is a historic building in downtown Des Moines, Iowa, United States that was built in 1903. It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977, and became a contributing property in the Civic Center Historic District in 1988. The building ceased to be a library in 2006 and now houses the Norman E. BorlaugWorld Food Prize Hall of Laureates for the World Food Prize.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Des Moines Library Association was formed in 1866 in the basement of a Methodist church. It was supported through private contributions and public charity until 1882 when its services were taken over by the city of Des Moines because of precarious finances. In 1898, the city bought property on the Des Moines River for $35,000. The cornerstone for the library building was laid in 1900 and it was opened in October 1903.</p><br>
<p>In the 1920s, the library became the home of the Cumming School of Art. It was the birthplace of the Library Bill of Rights in 1938 when the library was under the direction of Forrest Spaulding. It was meant to fight against “growing intolerance, suppression of free speech and censorship affecting the rights of minorities and individuals.” The Boys and Girls Department opened in 1937 and the Music Department began in the 1950s.</p><br>
<p>In the 1990s, it was determined that the library building was too small and lacked the necessary technology capacity. London architect David Chipperfield was chosen to design a new library on Grand Avenue, and it opened on April 8, 2006.</p><br>
<p>The building was acquired by The World Food Prize for its use. The building was renamed in honor of Cresco, Iowa native Norman Borlaug, who founded the award which recognizes those who have made contributions in all fields involved in the world food supply. Gensler Architecture, Design and Planning, RDG Planning & Design and Hoerr Schaudt Landscape Architecture are involved in renovating the building. It will serve as a museum to recognize great achievements in agriculture, a convocation center that will hold the World Food Prize International Symposium, a home for the Global Youth Institute, an educational facility that will feature interactive displays on hunger and food security and a conference center and community hall.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Des Moines architects Gutterson & Smith designed the Beaux Arts style building. It was constructed of salmon pink, Minnesota limestone. A mural was painted on the ground floor of the library by Des Moines artist, Harry Donald Jones. It was a project of the Works Progress Administration. The mural covers 1,091 ft&sup2; and portrays the development of Des Moines from pre-historic times to the 20th century. The building originally featured a fountain and stone steps, which were removed in 1955.</p><br>
<p>Public School 108 is a historic school building located in Cypress Hills, Brooklyn, New York, New York. It was designed by James W. Naughton and built in 1895. It is a three-story, brick building trimmed in Lake Superior sandstone in the Romanesque Revival style. It has an attic fourth floor pierced by dormer windows. It consists of a seven bay central section connected to three bay wide end pavilions by recessed wings.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The building continues to house an elementary school, now known as P.S. 108 Sal Abbracciamento School.</p><br>
<p>The Wrought Iron Range Company Building is a Tudor Revival style building in St. Louis, Missouri that was built in 1926. The Wrought Iron Range Company was founded by Henry Harrison Culver and his brothers Walter and Licius. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.</p><br>
<p>It was designed in 1925 by St. Louis architect by Albert Knell. It is a two-story steel frame and brick building with a stuccoed and half-timbered second story. It has a hipped roof with a series of cross gables and brick piers that simulate chimneys.</p><br>
<p>The Sidney Walnut Avenue Historic District is a neighborhood and historic district on the western side of the city of Sidney, Ohio, United States.</p><br>
<p>Fifteen houses compose the district, which is located on the sides and top of a small hill. the majority of the districts houses were built in the last years of the nineteenth century, and most houses in the neighborhood that are significantly older were extensively modified at that time. During the late nineteenth century, Sidney was passing through a period of transformation: since its establishment in 1820, its identity was that of a small county seat in an agricultural region, but by the end of the century, institutions such as the Peoples Federal Savings and Loan Association were causing it to gain prominence in commerce, industry, and banking. Leading members of the citys society, such as factory owners, bankers, and businessmen built large homes on the hillside along Walnut Avenue, and it became known as the citys élite residential neighborhood. merchant Elias Griffis, garden company owner Bernard Wagner, and educator Herbert McVay.</p><br>
<p>At the end of 1983, the Sidney Walnut Avenue Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The district qualified for inclusion under two separate criteria: it was eligible because of its place in local history, and it was similarly eligible because of the distinctive historic architecture of the buildings within its boundaries. It was the last of Shelby County&#39;s three historic districts to be added to the Register, following the Lockington Locks by fourteen years and the Sidney Courthouse Square by three years.</p><br>
<p>Public School 9 and Public School 9 Annex are two historic school buildings located at 227 and 279 Sterling Place, respectively, at Vanderbilt Avenue in the Prospect Heights neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York City.</p><br>
<p>Public School 9 consists of a central, two-story gabled section flanked by two-story wings. The central section dates to 1867–68 and was designed by Samuel B. Leonard in the Early Romanesque Revival style. The two wings were added in 1887 and were designed by James W. Naughton. The school was originally Public School 9, later becoming Public School 111, and currently M.S. 340 North Star Academy.</p><br>
<p>Public School 9 Annex was necessitated by the continued population growth of Prospect Heights, which caused overcrowding in the original school. It was designed by James W. Naughton and built in 1895. It is a three-story, H-shaped, brick building crowned by gable dormer windows. The Romanesque Revival building incorporates Renaissance Revival style details. The building has been converted into condominium apartments under the name "P.S. 9".</p><br>
<p>Both buildings were separately designated New York City Landmarks in 1978, as "Public School 9" and "Public School 9 Annex" and were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981, as "Public School 111 and Public School 9 Annex"</p><br>
<p>Public School 39, also known as PS 39 The Henry Bristow School, is a historic school building located in the Park Slope section of Brooklyn, New York City. It is a part of the New York City Department of Education.</p><br>
<p>It was built in 1876-1877 and is a three-story symmetrical brick and stone building combining features of the Italianate and Second Empire styles. The main facade features a central bay or tower with a rusticated first floor. The building has steep slate covered mansard roofs.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>Notable graduates include pitcher Adam Ottavino and politician Anthony Weiner.</p><br>
<p>Public School 65K is a historic school building located in Cypress Hills, Brooklyn, New York, New York. It was originally built in 1870 and significantly expanded in 1889 to designs by James W. Naughton. It is a two-story, brick building on a stone base in the Romanesque Revival style. It features a slightly projecting central tower and terra cotta decorative details.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981.</p><br>
<p>Public School 7 is a historic school building located in the DUMBO section of Brooklyn, New York, New York. It was built in 1882 to designs by James W. Naughton. It is a three-story, I-shaped masonry building faced with pressed brick and trimmed in sandstone. It consists of a three-bay center section flanked by a two window-wide wing on either side. Attached to the original building is a rectangular two story brick-and-stone annex built in 1907.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on November 3, 1983. Today it serves as the home of the AMG School of Licensed Practical Nursing.</p><br>
<p>Public School 71K is a historic school building located in Williamsburg, Brooklyn, New York City. It contains the Beis Rochel School, a Satmar girls-only private Jewish school. It was built in 1888–1889 to designs by James W. Naughton. It is a symmetrical three story, brick building with stone trim in the French Second Empire style. It features a tall central tower with a high mansard roof and original iron cresting.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>This building has an exact twin in Bedford-Stuyvesant, Brooklyn: the Excellence Charter School at 225 Patchen Ave.</p><br>
<p>The House at Springdell is a house built in the eighteenth century in the tiny hamlet of Springdell, Pennsylvania in West Marlborough Township, Chester County. The houses design is essentially unaltered from the original "Penn Plan," which was a vernacular design advocated by William Penn about 1700 as an economical house adapted to his new proprietary colony. The remains of a mills tail race can be seen in the back yard, with Doe Run Creek, a tributary of West Brandywine Creek, about 15 yards behind the house. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The house consists of a basement, which formerly served as a kitchen, and two stories with two rooms each, front and back. The exterior walls are stuccoed stone, the two interior walls are made of simple wooden planking. A steep winding stair centered on the west wall ascends from the basement to the second story. Each of the above-ground rooms has a fireplace, which are now closed off. Electricity and a furnace were installed in the house about 1950. A porch leads to the front (south) entrance. A door on the north wall leads to the basement.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The hamlet of Springdell now includes about 18 houses, but previously had a station on the Pomeroy and Newark Railroad, post office, mill, and perhaps a dozen houses. The post office, which operated from 1893 to 1910, could not be named Springdell because another post office in Pennsylvania used that name. It was named Derbydown, according to local legend, following intense debate when a hat fell from a table.</p><br>
<p>During the American Revolution the house was used as a tenant house for the Passmore farm, and was reportedly occupied by the mother of James Fitzpatrick. James was a deserter from the Continental Army who was nearly captured at his mother&#39;s house. He later joined with the British Army under General Howe and fought in the nearby Battle of Brandywine. He then helped the British pillage the area. In September, 1778 he was captured and hung by the Continental Army.</p><br>
<p>Greenacre is a historical house in Farmington, Maine. It is set on a large lot bounded by Court, Fountain, and Orchard Streets, northeast of Farmington&#39;s downtown area. Built in 1880, it is one of the largest and most ornate 19th-century houses in Franklin County. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Greenacre is set near the back of a large lot which slopes upward from Court Street toward Orchard Street. It is a two-story wood-frame structure set on a granite foundation, with a hip roof. Its most prominent feature is a square three-story tower, which rises near the center of the front (south-facing) facade. The main entrance is in the first of two bays to the right of the tower, while there are three bays to its left. A single-story porch extends across the front. The first two levels of the tower have bay windows in front, while the third level has smaller sash windows on all four faces. The building&#39;s roofline is decorated with Italianate brackets, and windows are capped by carved lintels with entablature. There is a single clay tennis court maintained by a local group. The property also includes a period carriage house, which is joined to the house by a single-story ell.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Greenacre was built by Joseph Thwing, a tanner, in 1880. Thwing sold the property in 1894 to Franklin Clark, who was responsible for enlarging it by the addition of bays on the sides. In 1919 Clark&#39;s estate sold the property to Harold Titcomb. Titcomb was an internationally renowned mining engineer, who traveled widely and had married an Englishwoman. The Titcombs decorated their home with antiques and cultural artifacts acquired on their travels. They also frequently entertained, and Greenacre (which was given its name by the Titcombs) was a fashionable social center in the community. Titcomb was also a skilled archer, who was the first American member of the Royal Toxophilite Society and was its president at his death in 1953.</p><br>
<p>The Dallas County Courthouse in Adel, Iowa, United States was built in 1902. It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973, and is a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The current structure is the fourth building to house court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Dallas County&#39;s first courthouse was a double log cabin constructed of cottonwood logs and served the county from 1848-1853. County leaders constructed a second courthouse that was a single-story frame structure that measured 40 x. It served the county for five years when a third facility was constructed. It was a two-story brick structure measuring 64 x, and was built for $20,000. The current courthouse was built with $85,000 in funding approved by county voters in 1900. On September 19, 1902, it was dedicated in front of a crowd of more than 2,000 people.</p><br>
<p>Beginning in the late 1960s or early 1970s, the county acquired properties on the northwest side of the square. Over the years various county offices moved from the courthouse to these buildings. A new sheriff&#39;s office and jail was completed in 1990.</p><br>
<p>A study of the courthouse in 2004 found that the original flooring system and its supports were deteriorating, and the building was closed. After studying the issue, holding hearings, and a referendum, it was decided to remodel the existing building. Keffer/Overton Architects of Des Moines designed the project. The renovation project began in 2005 to deal with the structural issues, restore the rotunda, added a new stairwell and elevator, and it addressed cosmetic concerns such as repainting interior spaces in their original color schemes and installing new light fixtures to match the wrought iron of the Grand Stair Case. The final stage of the project is an $80,000 restoration of the artwork on the ceiling.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The courthouse was designed by the prominent Des Moines architectural firm of Proudfoot & Bird. George Bird, who is considered the primary designer, used the Chateau Azay-le-Rideau in Indre-et-Loire, France, as his inspiration. Rawson and Son was the contractor for the project that cost $109,243. The 3½-story structure is constructed of Bedford stone and features a 128 ft tower housing a $1,000 clock. Some of the stones weigh 3½ tons. The structure is built on a rusticated stone foundation and capped with a hipped roof. Elements of the French Renaissance style are found in the ornately carved dormers and the round corner towers capped with conical roofs. The entire roof is covered with red tiles.</p><br>
<p>The courthouse sits in the middle of the landscaped public square. It features walkways, a lawn, trees, benches, floral plantings, and monuments to the United States Armed Forces.</p><br>
<p>The Lucas County Courthouse located in Chariton, Iowa, United States, was built in 1893. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the third building the county has used for court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Lucas County&#39;s first courthouse was constructed of oak logs in 1850. The 1½-story building was built for $374, and paid for from the Chariton town lot fund. It measured 22 by and lime and sand filled the space between the logs. The second courthouse was a 50 ft&sup2; building that cost between $15,000 and $20,000 to build. Its foundation was made of logs. After ten years multiple cracks appeared in the logs and Judge Guard ordered the sheriff to secure a church for court proceedings. As the building did not collapse, court returned to the courthouse for several more years. The present courthouse was approved by county voters in 1885. It was completed in 1894, and the clock in the tower has been in operation since then.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The courthouse was built of rusticated sandstone in the Richardsonian Romanesque style. It was designed by the Des Moines architectural firm of Foster & Liebbe, and built by G.J. Stewart & Company of Chariton. The building features both round and segmental arches, turrets with conical roofs, and finials. The windows are vertical and narrow. The tower was originally topped by a spire, with minor caps that flanked it. The building is similar in style to the Wapello County Courthouse in Ottumwa, which was also designed by Foster & Liebbe and completed the year before. The square the courthouse sits on was included as a contributing site in the Lucas County Courthouse Square Historic District. Besides the courthouse, the square is also the location for the Civil War Memorial (1916-contributing object), the Mormon Trail Marker (1923-contributing object), a bandstand (c. 2000), and Veteran&#39;s Memorial (c. 2000). The significance of the courthouse is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of Chariton as the county seat.</p><br>
<p>The Page County Courthouse in Clarinda, Iowa, United States, was built in 1887. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the fourth building the county has used for court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Initially, the official functions of Page County were carried out 2 mi southeast of Clarinda. The city became the county seat in 1853. The county judge had a frame structure built on the north side of the public square for his offices and to sell goods. It was destroyed, along with county records, in a fire in 1858. Two years prior to that a two-story frame building was constructed as a courthouse, but the building proved inadequate and court was held in churches and school buildings. Efforts to replace it in 1870 and 1873 failed at the ballot box. The board of supervisors decided to take action on their own and in 1873 a simple building measuring 44 by was constructed on the town square in Clarinda for $7,456.</p><br>
<p>Planning for the current courthouse was begun in 1882 and the foundations were laid in 1885 and the building, completed in 1887, cost $86,500 to construct. The state fire marshal ordered the removal of the clock tower in 1950 because of falling bricks. It was removed the following year and replaced with a wrought iron railing and flagpole. The courthouse was gutted in a fire on December 11, 1991. A bond issue was passed by voters in August 1992 for $875,000 and another $175,000 in private donations was raised to replace the clock tower. The restored courthouse was rededicated on June 5, 1994.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The courthouse is a two-story structure that is composed of red brick with limestone trim. Surrounding the main entrance is a single-story stone portico. The building exhibits an eclectic mix of Gothic Revival and Italianate design elements. A wide cornice with a denticular frieze runs below the projecting bracketed eave. The windows feature a variety of shapes, including rectilinear, triangular, segmental arched, and round-arched. The hoods of the round-arch windows give the illusion of being pointed. The courthouse is capped with a hipped roof. In the center of the structure is a high square cupola with a clock, a steep roof, and wrought iron cresting. The significance of the courthouse is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of Clarinda as the county seat.</p><br>
<p>The Douglass House is a hotel located at the corner of Shelden Avenue and Isle Royale Street in Houghton, Michigan. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The original Douglass House was a three-story frame structure built in 1860 on the corner of Isle Royale and Montezuma Streets, with a garden stretching to Shelden. The hotel had 50 rooms for out-of-town visitors, and the dance hall and dining room served as the social center of Houghton. In 1899, a group of Houghton-area investors, headed by John C. Mann, incorporated the Douglass House Company and purchased the hotel.</p><br>
<p>The group hired Henry L. Ottenheimer of Chicago to design the structure and Paul K. F. Mueller of Chicago to construct it.</p><br>
<p>In 1984, the Douglass House was converted to apartments. The first-floor bar remains intact.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Douglass House is a four-story Italian Renaissance hotel constructed of buff-colored brick. The hotel is built on a sloping lot, so that the structure height measured from street level increases from two stories in the rear to four stories in the front. The front facade features towers at the corners, which are not included in Ottenheimer&#39;s original architectural plans. A loggia with gold cupolas stretches across the front. The facade is trimmed with white-glazed terra cotta from the Northwestern Terra Cotta Company.</p><br>
<p>The original hotel had an entrance on Isle Royale Street, leading to a lobby level one floor above the Shelden Avenue street level. The Shelden Avenue side had stores along the first floor; the remainder of the first floor had a bar and card rooms. The lobby level had a main desk, two lobbies, as well as a telegraph office and a sitting room. The upper two floors contained guest rooms.</p><br>
<p>The Lockington Locks are a group of canal locks on the former Miami and Erie Canal in Lockington, Ohio, United States. Built beginning in 1833, the locks opened for regular use in 1845. The system consists of seven locks: six together at one end, and a seventh at the southern end. Along with features such as basins to allow canal boats to turn around, the locks stretch for 3.75 mi between Lockington in far southern Shelby County and Washington Township in far northern Miami County.</p><br>
<h2>Construction</h2><br>
<p>As constructed, the locks were at the southern end of the Loramie Summit, which stretches 21 mi from Lockington north to New Bremen. Lockington was a leading point on the canal: besides its locks, the village is the site of the junction of the canal with Loramie Creek, which it originally spanned with an aqueduct, and the village lay at the end of a feeder line that brought large amounts of water from the Lewistown Reservoir near Ohios highest point in nearby Logan County. This small canal was designed to meet the main line at Lockington because the Summit included the canals highest elevation of 944 ft above sea level. As canal boats came north to Lockington, they were lifted by 67 ft: Lock 48, 10 ft; Lock 49, 11 ft; Lock 50, 11 ft; Lock 51, 11 ft; Lock 52, 12 ft; and Lock 53, 12 ft. Boats would typically take several hours to pass through the locks; as a result, the village of Lockington (originally named "Locksport") was founded to provide services to idle boatsmen and passengers. The individual locks at Lockington were constructed of large limestone blocks weighing as much as 500 lb; their floors were wooden, and their gates were made of white oak.</p><br>
<h2>Later history</h2><br>
<p>The most prosperous point in the history of Ohio&#39;s canal system was reached in 1855. After that year, revenues fell steadily because of competition from railroads; even small communities such as Lockington had railroad stations, and the only water that flows through the locks is runoff from heavy rains. The countryside surrounding the locks is scenic enough that the future may see the conversion of its towpath into a hiking trail.</p><br>
<h2>Recognition</h2><br>
<p>In 1969, the Lockington Locks were listed on the National Register of Historic Places, becoming the first location to receive this distinction either in Miami County or in Shelby County. Other canal-related sites in both counties were later added to the Register: the Piqua Historical Area State Memorial and the Twin Arch Stone Culvert in Miami County were listed in 1971 and 1978 respectively, and the Turtle Creek Culvert and Embankment in Shelby County was listed in 1978, although it was removed from the Register just seven years later. The locks qualified for inclusion on the Register both as an important engineering accomplishment and because of their place in the areas history: they were deemed to be significant both in Ohios history and in that of the entire country.</p><br>
<p>The Old Worth County Courthouse in Northwood, Iowa, United States, was built in 1880. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse was the first building the county used for court functions and county administration. The building functions as the main museum for the Worth County Historical Society.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1879 an attempt was made by Kensett, Iowa to have the county seat of Worth County moved to their town. To ensure that the county seat stayed in Northwood the town raised the money for the courthouse and donated the land for the building. A brick Italianate style building was built by Simon Larsen in 1880 for $4,400 It was replaced in 1893 by the present courthouse.</p><br>
<p>After its use as a courthouse, the building served as a high school for twenty years. After that, it was used as a public library on the main floor and as a youth center on the second floor. On July 4, 1973, the Worth County Historical Society opened a museum in the building.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The former courthouse in two-stories in height, and capped with a hipped roof. It features round arch windows with brick hoods and a keystone. The entrance vestibule in the front was added in the 1920s. The significance of the courthouse is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of Northwood as the county seat. It is also one of the few courthouses in Iowa that was built in the Italianate style, and one of the few former county courthouses that remain standing.</p><br>
<p>The Wright County Courthouse in Clarion, Iowa, United States was built in 1892. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse was the fourth building the county has used for court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Wright County used a log cabin for its initial court sessions in 1855. A two-story frame building was the first proper courthouse the county used when the county seat was moved to Liberty. The county seat moved to Clarion in 1866 and another courthouse was constructed there. That building became a part of the Avondale Hotel after the present courthouse was built in 1892.</p><br>
<p>The present courthouse is a three-story building that was completed for $50,000 in 1892. It was designed by W.R. Parsons & Son, and built by E.D. Jones & Company. The building was extensively renovated in 1974.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The building exhibits several features that are unique among courthouses in Iowa. The Wright County Courthouse has a large polygonal projection at the rear of the building. Its front entrance is recessed within a single-story projecting pavilion, which features a stone roof, balustrade and a semicircular bay on one side. There are similar semicircular bays that flank the site entrance. The courthouse also has a clock tower that rises above the building&#39;s multi-gabled roof. The significance of the courthouse is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of Clarion as the county seat.</p><br>
<p>The Taylor County Courthouse in Bedford, Iowa, United States, was built in 1892. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse was the second building the county has used for court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first courthouse for Taylor County was begun in 1863. It was constructed of stone on the south side of the square in Bedford. Additional office space was rented as the county grew and required more space for county government.</p><br>
<p>The cornerstone for the present courthouse was laid in June 1892. The three-story Romanesque Revival building was completed in the spring the following year. It was designed by E.M. Ellis, and Allen H. Chaffie was the contractor. The building was built for $38,000.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The courthouse is a three-story red brick Bedford limestone structure. The main entrance is a recessed entry within a wide stone trimmed arch. Above it are two turrets with conical roofs that flank a large arched window. A large white square cupola with a clock and dome rises from the center of the building. The basement level is composed of coursed stone. The building is capped by a hipped roof. The interior features an elegant spiral staircase, which is original to the building. There are fireplaces in most of the rooms and tile floors. The significance of the courthouse is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of Bedford as the county seat.</p><br>
<p>The Jackson Historic District is a historic district in the city of Jackson, Alabama, United States. Jackson was founded in 1816 and is the oldest incorporated settlement in Clarke County. The historic district features examples of Greek Revival, Queen Anne, Colonial Revival, and regional vernacular architecture. Spread over 180 acre with 140 contributing buildings, it is roughly bounded by College Avenue, Forest Avenue, Carroll Avenue, Cedar Street, Florida Street, Commerce Street, Clinton Street, and Spruce Street. It is a part of the Clarke County Multiple Property Submission and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 23, 1998.</p><br>
<p>The Whatley Historic District is a historic district in the community of Whatley, Alabama, United States. Whatley was founded with the establishment of a railroad depot in 1887, along the then-newly constructed railroad between Mobile and Selma. It was incorporated as a town in 1901. The historic district features examples of Craftsman, Queen Anne, and regional vernacular architecture. Spread over 45 acre with 17 contributing buildings and one object, it is roughly bounded by the Whatley Road from Grove Hill to the railroad tracks. It is a part of the Clarke County Multiple Property Submission and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 30, 1998.</p><br>
<p>Jonathan Singletary Dunham House, located in Woodbridge Township in Middlesex County, New Jersey, the state&#39;s first township, chartered on June 1, 1669, by King Charles II, is a house that was built around 1709 by Jonathan Singletary Dunham , an early American settler and freeholder who built the first gristmill in New Jersey nearby the house.</p><br>
<p>Jonathan Dunham was born in Newbury, Massachusetts and married Mary Bloomfield with whom he later moved to present day New Jersey. Bloomfield is a relative of Joseph Bloomfield, Governor of New Jersey, for whom the township of Bloomfield, New Jersey is named. After building the first gristmill in New Jersey, he went on to serve the community in a variety of ways and was elected to the New Jersey Provincial Congress in 1673. Jonathan Singletary Dunham was an ancestor of President Barack Obama.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The 213 acre of land upon which the house and gristmill were built was granted to Jonathan Dunham by the newly appointed Governor of New Jersey. The Dunham house is the oldest building in Woodbridge Township, and among the oldest buildings in Middlesex County. Originally a two-story, four room home, the house was built with brick from Holland which had been used as ballast in ships. The Flemish bond brickwork, also known as Dutch bond, makes a distinctive checkerboard pattern that is visible on the first and second floors of the façade. The house was used as a garrison by American soldiers during the American Revolution. The mill, a tidal mill, was located just south of the home, along the Woodbridge River, which was then known as Papiack Creek, at the intersection of the Port Reading Avenue.</p><br>
<h2>Today</h2><br>
<p>Since 1873, the home has been part of the grounds of Trinity Episcopal Church, listed on the New Jersey and national registers of historic places. Jonathan&#39;s youngest son, Benjamin Dunham, is recognized as a founder of the church, and the house his father built now serves as the Rectory. One of the original circular millstones used by Dunham in his grist mill operations still exists and is displayed on the property.</p><br>
<p>Public Bath No. 7 is a historic bathhouse located in Park Slope, Brooklyn, New York City. It was designed by Brooklyn architect Raymond F. Almirall. It was built between 1906 and 1910 and is constructed of white glazed brick and limestone colored terra cotta blocks. The design is based on a Renaissance palazzo. It measures three bays by five bays. The bathhouse was converted to a gymnasium in 1937.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<p>In the 1990s, it was converted to a private events space and renamed The Lyceum.</p><br>
<p>In 2014, the property was lost to foreclosure.</p><br>
<p>In 2017, the building finished restoration.</p><br>
<p>Flatbush Town Hall at 35 Snyder Avenue between Flatbush and Bedford Avenues in the Flatbush neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York City, is a historic town hall built in 1874–75 and designed by John Y. Culyer in the High Victorian Gothic style It is a two-story masonry building on a stone foundation, and features a three-story bell tower with a steep hip roof. The building dates from the time before the Town of Flatbush was integrated into the City of Brooklyn, in 1894, after which the building served as a magistrates court and the New York City Police Departments 67th Police Precinct station.</p><br>
<p>Due to the efforts of the Town of Flatbush Civic and Cultural Association and the Flatbush Historical Society, the building was saved from a planned demolition, and was designated a New York City Landmark in 1966, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. In the late 1980s it underwent a redesign and refurbishment by the New York City Department of Administrative Services, and it is now used as a public school focused on the needs of special education children.</p><br>
<p>The United Lutheran Church is a church located at 324 Chestnut Street in Grand Forks, North Dakota. The historic church building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>United Lutheran Church is the result of a merger of three early Lutheran congregations in Grand Forks: Zion, Trinity and First.</p><br>
<p>The church is affiliated with the Eastern North Dakota Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.</p><br>
<p>The church building was constructed during 1931-1932 and was a daring enterprise, in terms of its modern architecture and in terms of the economic times. It is an exceptional Art Deco building. The building is built of North Dakota brick. The church has a buttressed Art Deco bell tower that concludes with a ziggurat-like dome. The top portion of the tower was added in 1941. and</p><br>
<p>The church was designed by the father and son architectural firm of Joseph Bell DeRemer (1871–1944) and Samuel Teel DeRemer (1894-1967).</p><br>
<p>The American Can Company Building, now known as the American Can Lofts, is a historic former factory in the Northside neighborhood of Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. Built in 1921, it is a concrete building with a concrete foundation; five stories tall, it has a total floor space of approximately 180,000 ft&sup2;. Built by the American Can Company, the factory was used to manufacture can-making machines, rather than producing the cans itself</p><br>
<p>In late 2005, a local redevelopment company purchased the American Can Company Building, using a $500,000 loan from the citys community development office. Expecting to have to pay another $800,000 to resolve longstanding environmental issues at the property, In 2006, the building was assessed against the guidelines of the National Register of Historic Places, a federal historic preservation program, and found to be eligible for inclusion on the Register. Besides starting the National Register nomination process, the owners applied for the building to be designated a historic site by Cincinnatis city planning commission; such approval was granted in July 2007. Three months later, the National Park Service added the building to the Register.</p><br>
<h2>Redevelopment</h2><br>
<p>The owners&#39; ultimate goal was to convert the property into apartments and small shops. With renovations nearly complete, the building reopened as American Can Lofts in September, 2011.</p><br>
<p>The County Road C117–Pike River Bridge is a steel stringer bridge located on County Road C117  over the Pike River just south of Chassell, Michigan. The bridge was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1913, the state of Michigan passed the State trunkline Act, which authorized the creation of a series of trunkline highways throughout Michigan. One such line was a north–south route through the western counties of Michigans Upper Peninsula (Keweenaw, Houghton, Ontonagon, and Gogebic counties), tying the northern tip of the Keweenaw Peninsula to the UPs main east–west trunkline. The planned trunkline crossed both the Pike and Snake rivers near Chassell along the eastern side of the Keweenaw. The Michigan State Highway Department designed two 38 ft steel stringer bridges, designated trunkline bridges number 8 and 9, to cross the two rivers. The contract to build the two bridges was awarded to the Houghton-based Smith-Byers-Sparks Company in 1913, and the company completed construction of the bridges the next year.</p><br>
<p>By 1915, the trunkline highway had been nearly completed. In the 1920s, the route was incorporated into what is now US 41. In 1934, the nearby Snake River bride was replaced; US 41 was later rerouted near the Pike River, leaving the original trunkline bridge to service local traffic on the redesignated county road 117.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The County Road C117–Pike River Bridge has a main span 38 ft long, with a structure width of 21.4 ft and a roadway width of 19.1 ft. It is constructed of five rolled I-beams supported by concrete abutments at each end. The bridge was developed from a standard design, first delineated by the state highway department in 1905-1906. The steel stringer design was one of the first established by the department, and was used intermittently during the 1910s for relatively short spans.</p><br>
<p>Standard paneled concrete guardrails are incorporated on each side of the bridge. One of the guardrails includes the cast words, "State trunkline Bridge 1914" and another, "Built by S-B-S Company Houghton."</p><br>
<p>The County Road C117–Pike River Bridge is in excellent condition, and is essentially unaltered from when it was built. The bridge was one of the first trunkline bridges built that used the Michigan State Highway Departments steel stringer configuration. Of the 22 total trunkline bridges the department listed in its 1913–14 biennial report, almost half were stringer bridges, and of these Pike River Bridge is the only one to remain undemolished and unaltered. This bridge is thus significant as an early unaltered example of this important bridge structural type used in the Upper Peninsulas trunkline system.</p><br>
<p>The buildings at 375–379 Flatbush Avenue and 185–187 Sterling Place are a historic group of four commercial and residential buildings located in the Prospect Heights neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York City. They were built in 1885 and are in the Neo-Grec style with Second Empire elements.</p><br>
<p>The buildings were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, and are located within the Prospect Heights Historic District, which was created by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission in 2009.</p><br>
<p>Casemate Fort, Whiting Quadrangle, also known as "Old Casemate," Officers Club Bldg. #207, Sentry Booth #220, and Fort Hamilton Community Club, is a historic building located in Fort Hamilton, Brooklyn, New York, New York. The old fort was designed in 1819 and built between 1825 and 1836. It is a brick and stone C-shaped structure with all walls approximately three feet thick. The building and adjoining stone walls form a type of fortification known as a "walled enceinte".</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.</p><br>
<p>The Adair County Courthouse, located in Greenfield, Iowa, United States, was built from 1891 to 1892. It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the third structure to house county courts and administration offices.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The county&#39;s first courthouse was located in Fontanelle from 1856 to 1874. It was a two-story frame building constructed from locally harvested wood. After the county seat moved to Greenfield the building was used as a school, church, meeting hall and town hall until it was destroyed in a fire in 1910. A two-story courthouse was built in Greenfield for $8,000. It was destroyed by fire in 1889 and courthouse functions moved to a nearby opera house until a new structure was completed. The cornerstone for the present courthouse was laid on July 4, 1891. It was constructed of brick in the Romanesque Revival style at a cost of $26,768.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The 2½-story brick structure utilizes limestone for the high foundation, the water table, the belt courses at the top of the windows, the capitals of the brick pilasters, and for the arched surround that frames the main entrance. It is capped with a hip roof with gabled dormers. The building originally had a central tower that was removed at some point in the mid-twentieth century.</p><br>
